Arrhenius Acid-base theory

Acid

An acid is any species which increases the concentration$H^{+}$ ions in an aqueous solution.$^3$ $^1$

Base

A base is any species which increases the concentration $OH^{-}$ ions in an aqueous solution.$^3$ $^1$

Brønsted-Lowry Acid-Base theory

This is the definition of acids and bases that will be used for the rest of this text.

Acid

An acid is any species which acts as a proton donner.$^4$ $^1$

Base

A base is any species which acts as a proton acceptor.$^4$ $^1$

Amphoteric substances.

An amphoteric substance is one that capable of acting as both an acid and a base.$^4$ $^1$

Examples: